From the Town of Telluride, on the main street (Colorado Ave.) drive east out of town and continue on the same road which becomes the Black Bear Pass road, labeled as CR648. This road will climb above some mine ponds on 5-6 switchbacks and then straighten back out to continue SE and closer to Bridal Veil Falls. The road will cross Ingram Creek and shortly after begin the series of switchbacks that take you up the mountainside to Black Bear Pass. There is some room to park at the 4th switchback for the Via Feratta route, but for the trailhead to Bridal Veil Basin, continue for two more switchbacks and finish heading south to the trailhead parking, a little above Bridal Veil Falls and the historic power plant. Be careful not to venture any farther up the Black Bear Pass Road. Beyond the Bridal Veil TH, the road is one-way to the west.
There is no camping available in this immediate area unless you pack in for a ways. At-large camping anywhere near Telluride is difficult to come by and generally not allowed. The nearest campground is located along HWY145 about 5 miles south from "Society Junction." That's the "Sunshine" Campground. You may be able to find some at-large spots on 63J south of Illium or back along HWY145 before climbing the big hill into the Telluride Valley. There are several at-large spots along the highway, but be careful of private property. There is also a campground located on the east end of the town at the town park. Campsites are available on a first-come-first-served basis. These links offer more information:
http://www.telluride-co.gov/DocumentCenter/View/623
http://www.telluride-co.gov/181/Campground